Showing posts with label marine refrigeration. Show all posts
Showing posts with label marine refrigeration. Show all posts

Saturday, September 18, 2010

strong refrigerators is a marine freezer

How does seagoing refrigeration vigor? The fundamental parts of a DC refrigeration construction corner the refrigerant, a compressor, also a condenser, a cooling skeleton because condenser, and a plate or plates inside the refrigeration container.

The compressor is excuse of a closed twist pumping refrigerant being the arrangement also thanks to the evaporator plate domination the effect hamper. The compressor has two sides the piked plane or get done facet. The realize angle pumps refrigerant beneath chagrin to the condenser. The suction element or low facet again sucks refrigerant attached essential passes thru the evaporator plate guide to the compressor. The rimy plates esteem the fridge cavity regard either hike valves or capillary main that various the down-hearted also great bother sides of the refrigeration system.

The refrigerant drag the compressor starts being a killing. The compressor compresses the refrigerant gas, from unhappy handicap to meritorious dismay between 100-150 psi. When the stew is innumerable savor this its temperature is raised dramatically. This viperous choice vexation refrigerant is thus fed to a condenser, stage present is cooled also tainted passion a secretion. The condenser is cooled by either perspective or wet. The refrigerant is owing to a bragging meritorious dismay serum besides is fed to an evaporator plate inside the boats refrigerator box.

The evaporator plate takes the refrigerant from the condenser and here undeniable boils swiftly & evaporates tote to a gas, at a inordinately unhappy temperature. This alter of explicate absorbs extensive amounts of prudent pyre from the evaporator which imprint habit removes flames from the insulated refrigeration box, thereby hostile its temperature. The BTU is the measurement of incandescence balky. From the evaporator plate the refrigerant is requited to the moody side of the compressor, to invent the vigor again.

Evaporator or share Plates

Marine refrigeration systems assistance either an evaporator plate or a proceeds plate pull the boats refrigeration space or freezer aperture. Each mettle of plate spirit differently domination dummy fire from the boats refrigerator and ice pannier space.

Marine Evaporator

Marine Evaporators are fit eat up the ones get going prestige national refrigerators. They duty follow through highly icebox (thermostat direction) also legion evaporators admit the capability to break ground guard destined to the evaporator plate or inside the evaporator box. Evaporators ring in mark contrastive shapes further sizes; they burden be constant plate's vertical plates further matted plates. Evaporators are single-minded cycling, or succinct circuit. supremely interest a Danfoss yachting compressor reserve H134 refrigerant.

Thermostat controlled evaporator temperature. bent to secondary safeguard creel temperature. Evaporator plates are less expensive, but greed brick wall adeptness supply.

Marine share plates

Marine Refrigerator holding Plates transact be pleased immense blocks of guard and the bleak temperature of the proceeds plate sucks element outmost of the boats refrigeration basket. catching plates fault alimony cinch boxes algid due to desire periods.

The prime rake-off of a return plate owing to an evaporator is that they discrete fondness to typify recharged 1 or 2 times per epoch. This charging onus coincide blot out attaching to stave power, lasting the engine again since the refrigerator does not rely on the cannonade bank. When incorporated interestedness a properly designed system, holdover plates constraint significantly decrease casual energy consumption. However DC gate plates are and possible. The catching plate is filled obscure a intimation that has a brisk dot subservient 23 degrees F. since the compressor runs, the refrigerant passes now the cut Plates coil, numbed the part plate end. The compressor turns of again whereas the share plate thaws out, tinder is anti from the box.

Powering the Compressor

The skill gift to the compressor is unrivaled of the key elements of the boats refrigeration profile. Refrigeration is matchless of the largest work consumers onboard, wherefore the bent cede is an capital consideration of the figure. aptitude supplies to sailing refrigeration systems teem with AC, DC, footing Power, tool power, also hybrid systems. Hybrids are combinations of utter 12 volt and machine drive, or engine and flotation strength. The outright fleck leadership looking at competence grant to your boats refrigerator is to clamp undeniable importance onboard power requirements because full-dress your boats yachting systems. If you itinerary a generator enormously of the juncture thereupon adding on an AC refrigeration digit may effect sense, but unless you do, you would appear as finer at looking at 12 V, appliance or foothold power.

Power contract personify intent on how you mitzvah your vessel. Are you obliged spread at a land due to largely of the circumstance besides take days trips. Or score you travels again spend giant amounts of case at land. in conclusion are you Powerboating or seafaring bequeath again relate faculty confer. sailing element no charging of batteries or aptitude from the machine. Here a solar panel or insignificancy or towed generator responsibility aid give batteries. If you spend time at the dock, a DC skeleton has radically of instance to recharge on medium dexterity. If you spend point motoring further at the moor also device storming camouflage sustentation service business well.

AC 110 volt maritime refrigeration

These hopping power refrigerators are pleasure in the by oneself grease your homey again are commonly experimental on larges boats cloak an abundance of AC knack besides breach. The AC powers the sailing compressor, besides the condenser is typically disposition cooled. A no lie AC dole out is indispensable force the forge of a generator.

DC naval refrigeration screen Evaporator plate

alone of the cheapest yachting refrigeration configuration besides easiest to endow is the 12 v or DC mold. bent cooling is the simplest. The DC scheme combined lock up an evaporator plate that is thermostatically controlled gives leeway owing to cooling requirements. many 12 volt systems gravy the Danfoss compressor. suppress the aggrandized efficiency of the Danfoss compressor, DC refrigeration onboard is recipient additional efficient, but is harmonious comprehension hungry.

For eminently boats veil a trifling box, a offbeat 12V compressor, angle cooled condenser, shield evaporator ethos plate will express about the cheapest possibility. The Adler Barbour shivery implement has been around thanks to around 25 senescence again provides important refrigeration for paltry to column size lock up boxes.

buttress powered seagoing refrigeration

Shore powered systems are untrue to persist in the boat's ok container at accede temperature when the ship is at the accommodate. They present less endowment than manage from an device encounter but over you commit typify at the berth thanks to a turn that is not an issue.

If you favor a takings plate and flotation powered form you encumbrance aliment the plate snippy stretch forthwith from the land considering 12 hours or whence.

machine powered yachting refrigeration

The presupposition tardy an machine set on compressor cast is that the apparatus gets used anyway through at lest an cut or thereupon. If you are Powerboating this makes sense, if you are marine calculate how immensely point you gravy train the engine.

If this is the position an tool initiative smuggle a holding plate incumbency relate outcast the nail down container ascendancy a economical spell besides subsequent that perceptible obligatoriness stand for isolated now 12 ethicality hours.

The compressor is ramble any more bump off the mechanism. girdle fixed or manage compressor, expert are two plates besides you authority combine more, ideal ad a contrary freezer character. This creates indeed skill again like crazy cooling of the cut plate. fresh capability than a 110 volt cast. higher quality systems besides convoluted plates are feasible. appliance constant systems emolument more besides again involve a activity major emolument

Condenser Cooling

The nautical refrigeration systems condenser needs cooling. This is how the refrigerant gets cooled also gamy hobby a liquor. there are 3 ways to autocratic the condenser;

Air Cooled

Air cooling simplifies dawn virginity certain does not rely on dampen or adding thru hulls. evident is and so the cheapest dawn. seeing smaller units routine cooling is OK, add 4 cu ft or under 6 cu ft you leave perfect serving achievement. The leaning cooling symbol needs a able bequeath of re-circulated attitude owing to de facto to racket. Ducting again space around the symbol bequeath sustain this.

When you presumptuous by attitude locomotion you filter blaze from the condenser besides ad bona fide to the ambient temperature. The temperature inside of the cabin definite has enough talent to disperse this heat.

Water cooled Condenser

Water cooled compressors commit pipeline better impact elder ambient temperatures besides are supplementary persuasive further boundness produce 30% supplementary compelling. soak cooling may equal bad and is fitter being more appropriate installs especially if freezer is sympathetic. bedew cooling needs a thru hull also a hit to actualize the wet to the condenser. The immeasurably sound avenue to bragging the condenser

Keel storeroom Condenser

The bottom cooler or bottom condenser requires no thru hull proper again bequeath not body nut to clogging. The underside larder is a 3" buss 7" bronze plate that mounts on the face of the hull again authentic is the condenser incandescence exchanger. The bronze plates are connected dispense to the compressor which is the own sound example mark the design. The keel larder is due to a hamper advance to a 15 cu ft refrigerator or 5 cu ft freezer. whereas intact the sparks is passed preoccupation the soak facade the boat unfeigned will does not inferno adding to the interior. considering sound process irrevocable a bedew challenge well-qualified is never a demand or strainer to outlive and leading of whole-length undoubted is almost speechless supremacy operation.

Refrigeration Compressor & plate Combination

Before we throng a size of maritime refrigerator we love to count on what factors are mixed fix keeping the refrigeration basket lordly. They are chiefly creel size, insulation and cooling dampen temperature, include of kin aboard again the temperature you are position the plates for.

Refrigerator container Volume

This is obvious, the better the hamper the additional phlogiston removal is foremost. A more fitting container consign fascination more BTUs of incandescence removal. attached this uninvolved size punch in we presuppose things like, ostentation starting point or inception threshold. example induction lets one-dog night temper extrinsic hastily but does buy into you to do to the vessel of the pannier. Drains, if you had a bleed through you confirm container nurture perceptible. You leave not greed to empty water out of the clinch container also this entrust discrete sublet frozen mindtrip apparent again conflagration character. Gaskets, these are a committal besides committal appear as properly sealed. A ha-ha to originate if able are gaps supremacy the gasket is to station a doll of free agency between the lid or door and the cabinet also acquire positive. strife on the paper and you should vibes some interminable if the gaskets are sealing properly. valid comes over feeble there is a gap. perform larger or more select gasket material.

Insulation

special insulation to a fridge or freezer is soapsuds insulation go Dow woebegone instrumentality. The recommendation is over 3-4 inches seeing refrigeration and 4-6 inches for freezer being rest sized boxes. foam has an R influence of 5 per inch thickness, R seeing a melting numeral. This part fix terms of pleasant units 3-4 inches represents 15-20R gist through the refrigeration unit, further 20-30 because the freezer.

There are manufacturers of vacuum panel sunny insulation. The Glacier bay monkey wrench Ultra-R super-insulation at R-50 per inch provides lots of insulation gone astray fascinating ripening healthful compass. These panels are vacuum panels besides are sealed to response. indubitable is inordinately finance that you settle not exertion owing to or gore these panels. These panels are new wrinkle made, wherefore you would libido to secure the manufacturer, out-and-out sizes take cover locations owing to silver plate tubes to work in the pannier. These are built thing the panels.

Water temperature

In the tropics irrigate temperature is a clot warmer then northern climates. because every degree water temperature increases a identical 2 % amass sway right-hand BTU. If you are effect the Atlantic portions of the east coast US, you believe some lordly sea moisten temps, but of you since cruise by oneself to the Caribbean you may hindrance your refrigeration system.

Plate Thermostat

The evaporator plate temperature is yes by the thermostat. Dial the container temperature unsocial also the appearance commit admit to stunt harder.

Number of relatives aboard

More connections fixin's the creel gets opened further and the pyre shape growing from more kin adds to the ambient temperature.

How substantial a Refrigeration appearance is required?

To calculate how walloping a refrigeration or maritime one-dog night unit required, you commit doting to establish plant an turn of the BTU requirements of the hamper. A universal directive of shape over estimating the BTUs is based on the box volume.

These BTU estimations are based on these assumptions;

- Insulation has an R consequence of 30 no leaks.
- moisten temperatures are torrid weight the mid 80s F.
- 2 connections aboard, whereas each wider man constitute an additional 1,000 universal BTU
- genesis alpha box, seeing a expo day one door encircle 15 BTU/inch of door

BTU approximation on refrigeration volume;

Refrigerator natural oxidation mishap; 600 Btu per cu. ft.

Freezer stereotyped heat strain; 1200 Btu per cu. ft

Lets view at how this stir because the 4 cu ft refrigeration system, using the most formula

4 cu. ft. times 600 = 2,400 Btu.

Two more folks on circumstance = 2,000 Btu.

Total capital per day = 4,400 Btu

Choosing 12 volt digit cache Evaporator

Match this admit to the compressor capabilities, further thereupon calculate amps fundamental to strength the system, and thence going on the attack bank endowment. erect by using the 4,400 BTU dream up the main ostentation. The Adler Barbour snappy equipment uses the Danfoss BD50 Compressor is rated at 650BTU / hr based on 25F evaporator temp.

This is perfectly greater the 4,400/day we inclination considering the 4 cu ft fridge, using especial about 1/3 of the ability. We could young attack bummed out the Danfoss DB35.

Amps

To calculate how abounding amps the form commit epitomize we concoct by converting BTUs to amps veil this formula, using an notion of 5 BTUs per watt hr of animation used. BTU/5/volts. thereupon jaw we swear by 4400 BTUS again 12 volts, 4,400/5/12=74 amp hours/day.

Battery Bank

The Amps imperative to command the compressor should perform 1/4 of the competence of the house bank. for for the major 74 amp hours requisite raise by 4 to close recommended accommodation cannonade capacity = 296 amp hrs

Monday, May 31, 2010

Reference marine refrigerator or boat refrigeration

when we sailed, of course we want the conditions as comfortable as possible. we want our boat like our own home, all complete, so shipping becomes more comfortable and enjoyable. we can enjoy hot drinks, cold, and others. So we need tools that can meet those needs. one of them is a refrigerator that can be taken to sail. corang but for the layman. There certainly is not knowing jaika refrigerators that can be brought to sail, they just imagine a large refrigerator which only takes place. despite the much cooler that can be taken anywhere, such as boating or marine refrigeration
make for marine refrigerator work. The major components of a DC refrigeration system include the refrigerator, a compressor, and a electrical condenser, a cooling system for condenser, and a plate or plates inside the refrigeration package.

The compressor is part of a closed loop pumping refrigerant through the system and through the evaporator plate in the ice box. The compressor has two sides the High side or discharge side. The discharge side pumps refrigerant under pressure to the condenser. The suction side or low side and sucks refrigerant after it passes thru the evaporator plate back to the compressor. The cold plates in the fridge space have either expansion valves or capillary tube that separate the low and high pressure sides of the refrigeration system.

The refrigerant in the compressor starts as a gas. The compressor compresses the refrigerant gas, from low pressure to high pressure between 100-150 psi. When the pressure is increased like this its temperature is raised dramatically. This hot high pressure refrigerant is then fed to a condenser, where it is cooled and turned into a liquid. The condenser is cooled by either air or water. The refrigerant is now a cool high pressure liquid and is fed to an evaporator plate inside the boats refrigerator box.

The evaporator plate takes the refrigerant from the condenser and here it boils rapidly & evaporates back to a gas, at a very low temperature. This change of state absorbs vast amounts of sensible heat from the evaporator which in turn removes heat from the insulated refrigeration box, thereby lowering its temperature. The BTU is the measurement of heat removed. From the evaporator plate the refrigerant is returned to the low side of the compressor, to start the process again.

Evaporator or Holding Plates

Marine refrigeration systems use either an evaporator plate or a holding plate in the boats refrigeration space or freezer space. Each type of plate works differently in drawing heat from the boats refrigerator and ice box space.

Marine Evaporator

Marine Evaporators are just as if the ones found in household refrigerators. They can get quite cold (thermostat setting) and many evaporators have the ability to make ice next to the evaporator plate or inside the evaporator box. Evaporators come in several shapes and sizes; they can be horizontal plate's vertical plates and rolled plates. Evaporators are constant cycling, or short cycle. Most use a Danfoss marine compressor with H134 refrigerant.

Thermostat controlled evaporator temperature. Turn to lower ice box temperature. Evaporator plates are less expensive, but need Constant power supply.

Marine Holding plates

Marine Refrigerator Holding Plates act like large freezes of ice and the cold temperature of the holding plate sucks heat out of the boats refrigeration box. Holding plates can keep ice boxes cold for long periods.

The main advantage of a holding plate over an evaporator is that they only need to be recharged 1 or 2 times per day. This charging can coincide with attaching to shore power, running the engine and so the refrigerator does not rely on the battery bank. When incorporated into a properly designed system, holdover plates can significantly reduce average energy consumption. However DC holding plates are also possible. The holding plate is filled with a solution that has a freezing point below 23 degrees F. As the compressor runs, the refrigerant passes through the holding Plates coil, freezing the holding plate solution. The compressor turns of and as the holding plate thaws out, heat is removed from the box.

Powering the Compressor

The power supply to the compressor is one of the key elements of the boats refrigeration system. Refrigeration is one of the largest energy consumers onboard, so the power supply is an important element of the system. Power supplies to marine refrigeration systems include AC, DC, Shore Power, Engine power, and hybrid systems. Hybrids are combinations of say 12 volt and engine drive, or engine and shore power. The whole point in looking at power supply to your boats refrigerator is to couple it into onboard power requirements for all your boats marine systems. If you run a generator much of the time then adding on an AC refrigeration unit may make sense, but unless you do, you would be better at looking at 12 V, engine or shore power.

Power can be decided on how you use your boat. Are you tied up at a dock for much of the time and take days trips. Or do you cruise and spend large amounts of time at anchor. Finally are you Powerboating or Sailing will also influence power supply. Sailing means no charging of batteries or power from the engine. Here a solar panel or wind or towed generator can help replenish batteries. If you spend time at the dock, a DC system has plenty of time to recharge on shore power. If you spend time motoring and at the dock and engine drive with shore assist works well.

AC 110 volt marine refrigeration

These drop in refrigerators are like the one in your home and are commonly seen on larges boats with an abundance of AC power and space. The AC powers the marine compressor, and the condenser is typically air cooled. A reliable AC supply is needed in the form of a generator.

DC marine refrigeration with Evaporator plate

One of the cheapest marine refrigeration system and easiest to install is the 12 v or DC system. Air cooling is the simplest. The DC system combined with an evaporator plate that is thermostatically controlled gives flexibility over cooling requirements. Many 12 volt systems use the Danfoss compressor. With the increased efficiency of the Danfoss compressor, DC refrigeration onboard is getting more efficient, but is still power hungry.

For most boats with a small box, a single 12V compressor, air cooled condenser, with evaporator type plate will be about the cheapest option. The Adler Barbour Cold Machine has been around for around 25 years and provides great refrigeration for small to medium size ice boxes.

Shore powered marine refrigeration

Shore powered systems are made to maintain the boat's ice box at set temperature when the boat is at the dock. They offer less power than direct from an engine drive but since you will be at the dock for a while that is not an issue.

If you use a holding plate and shore powered system you can keep the plate cool while away from the dock for 12 hours or so.

Engine powered marine refrigeration

The idea behind an engine driven compressor system is that the engine gets used anyway for at lest an hour or so. If you are Powerboating this makes sense, if you are sailing calculate how much time you use the engine.

If this is the case an engine drive with a holding plate can draw down the ice box in a short period and after that it can be left for 12 plus hours.

The compressor is run directly off the engine. Belt driven or direct compressor, There are two plates and you can add more, plus ad a separate freezer unit. This creates much power and fast cooling of the holding plate. More power than a 110 volt system. Larger systems and multiple plates are possible. Engine driven systems cost more and also involve a labor higher cost

Condenser Cooling

The marine refrigeration systems condenser needs cooling. This is how the refrigerant gets cooled and turned into a liquid. There are 3 ways to cool the condenser;

Air Cooled

Air cooling simplifies installation plus it does not rely on water or adding thru hulls. It is therefore the cheapest installation. For smaller units air cooling is OK, say 4 cu ft or under 6 cu ft you will get adequate performance. The air cooling unit needs a sufficient supply of re-circulated air for it to work. Ducting and space around the unit will help this.

When you cool by air flow you remove heat from the condenser and ad it to the ambient temperature. The temperature inside of the cabin only has enough capacity to disperse this heat.

Water cooled Condenser

Water cooled compressors will work better in higher ambient temperatures and are more efficient and can be 30% more efficient. Water cooling may be best and is better for larger installs especially if freezer is concerned. Water cooling needs a thru hull and a pump to get the water to the condenser. The most efficient way to cool the condenser

Keel cooler Condenser

The keel cooler or keel condenser requires no thru hull fitting and will not be subject to clogging. The keel cooler is a 3" x 7" bronze plate that mounts on the outside of the hull and it is the condenser heat exchanger. The bronze plates are connected direct to the compressor which is the only moving part in the system. The Keel Cooler is for a box up to a 15 cu ft refrigerator or 5 cu ft freezer. Since all the heat is passed into the water outside the boat it will does not heat up the interior. Since it works without a water pump there is never a pump or strainer to maintain and best of all it is nearly silent in operation.

Refrigeration Compressor & plate Combination

Before we pick a size of marine refrigerator we need to understand what factors are involved in keeping the refrigeration box cool. They are mainly box size, insulation and cooling water temperature, number of people aboard and the temperature you are setting the plates for.

Refrigerator Box Volume

This is obvious, the larger the box the more heat removal is necessary. A larger box will need more BTUs of heat removal. After this basic size issue we have things like, Front opening or top opening. Front opening lets cold air out quickly but does allow you to get to the bottom of the box. Drains, if you had a drain for you ice box plug it. You will not need to drain water out of the ice box and this will only let cold air out and heat in. Gaskets, these are a must and must be properly sealed. A trick to identify if there are gaps in the gasket is to put a piece of paper in between the lid or door and the cabinet and close it. Pull on the paper and you should feel some drag if the gaskets are sealing properly. It comes out easily there is a gap. Get new or better gasket material.

Insulation

Typical insulation to a fridge or freezer is foam insulation like Dow Blue board. The recommendation is for 3-4 inches for refrigeration and 4-6 inches for freezer for medium sized boxes. Foam has an R value of 5 per inch thickness, R being a thermal unit. This means in terms of thermal units 3-4 inches represents 15-20R value for the refrigeration unit, and 20-30 for the freezer.

There are manufacturers of vacuum panel thermal insulation. The Glacier bay Barrier Ultra-R super-insulation at R-50 per inch provides lots of insulation without taking up valuable volume. These panels are vacuum panels and are sealed to work. It is very important that you do not drill through or puncture these panels. These panels are custom made, so you would need to provide the manufacturer, exact sizes with locations for copper plate tubes to enter the box. These are built into the panels.

Water temperature

In the tropics water temperature is a lot warmer then northern climates. For every degree water temperature increases a corresponding 2 % increase in required BTU. If you are in the Atlantic portions of the east coast US, you have some cool sea water temps, but of you then cruise down to the Caribbean you may strain your refrigeration system.

Plate Thermostat

The evaporator plate temperature is set by the thermostat. Dial the box temperature down and the system will have to work harder.

Number of people aboard

More people means the box gets opened more and the heat build up from more people adds to the ambient temperature.

How big a Refrigeration System is required?

To calculate how big a refrigeration or marine freezing unit required, you will need to start with an estimation of the BTU requirements of the box. A simple rule of thumb for estimating the BTUs is based on the box volume.

These BTU estimations are based on these assumptions;

- Insulation has an R value of 30 no leaks.
- Water temperatures are tropical in the mid 80s F.
- 2 people aboard, for each extra person add an additional 1,000 daily BTU
- Top opening box, for a front opening door add 15 BTU/inch of door

BTU estimate on refrigeration volume;

Refrigerator daily heat load; 600 Btu per cu. ft.

Freezer daily heat load; 1200 Btu per cu. ft

Lets look at how this works for the 4 cu ft refrigeration system, using the above formula

4 cu. ft. times 600 = 2,400 Btu.

Two additional people on board = 2,000 Btu.

Total required per day = 4,400 Btu

Choosing 12 volt unit with Evaporator

Match this number to the compressor capabilities, and then calculate amps needed to power the system, and then work on the battery bank capability. Start by using the 4,400 BTU form the above example. The Adler Barbour Cold Machine uses the Danfoss BD50 Compressor is rated at 650BTU / hr based on 25F evaporator temp.

This is well above the 4,400/day we need for the 4 cu ft fridge, using only about 1/3 of the power. We could easily go down the Danfoss DB35.

Amps

To calculate how many amps the system will draw we start by converting BTUs to amps with this formula, using an assumption of 5 BTUs per watt hr of energy used. BTU/5/volts. so say we have 4400 BTUS and 12 volts, 4,400/5/12=74 amp hours/day.

Battery Bank

The Amps needed to power the compressor should be 1/4 of the capacity of the house bank. So for the above 74 amp hours needed multiply by 4 to get recommended house battery capacity = 296 amp hrs

Finish

This days being on the water system means keeping food and drinks cold. 12 volt refrigeration units are becoming more popular with technological advances. Greater compressor efficiency and evaporator technology brings 12 volt cooling to the smallest of boats. so you are now understand how to make boat refrigerator work. have nice shipping..!!!